Uranni yer ostida tanlab eritishda eritmalarning oqilona parametrlarini o‘rganish

Annotatsiya

Purpose. The research aims to study and optimize the in-situ leaching (ISL) process for uranium mining using surface-active substances (surfactants) to improve the efficiency of uranium extraction from low-permeability ores. Methods. As part of the research, samples of low-permeability ores are taken and previously analyzed for porosity and filtration anisotropy coefficient, which is important for assessing their filtration properties. To study the effect of surfactants such as polyacrylamide, sulfanol and Mesh Drainage Liquid Filter (MDLF) compounds, solutions with different concentrations of these substances are prepared. Also, to determine the most effective surfactant concentrations, additional studies are conducted to optimize the leaching conditions, taking into account the effects of various factors such as temperature and pH of the solution. All the obtained results are mathematically analyzed to identify the optimal conditions, which helps to increase the efficiency of the uranium leaching process and improve the experimental results. Findings. In the course of the research conducted on the selection of surfactants for uranium leaching from low-permeability ores, the following results have been obtained. Sulfanol, as one of the surfactants used, shows the best results, significantly increasing the filtration coefficient from 0.5 to 2.0 m/day. This confirms its high efficiency in improving the ore horizon permeability and in accelerating the leaching process. Originality. The scientific novelty of the research is in the development of methods for optimal use of surface-active substances to improve the efficiency of the in-situ uranium leaching process from low-permeability ores. Studies have been conducted to determine the influence of various surfactants on the filtration properties of ores, as well as their in-fluence on accelerating the leaching process. Practical implications. The practical significance of the research is in the possibility of using the obtained data to optimize the in-situ uranium leaching process at real deposits with low-permeability of ore horizons. The developed recommendations on the selection of surfactants, such as sulfanol and polyacrylamide, as well as their optimal concentrations, can be directly applied to improve leaching efficiency, increase filtration coefficient, and reduce seam treatment time.

Maqoladagi inglizcha annotatsiya. Mualliflar annotatsiyasi CC BY 4.0 litsenziyasi asosida keltirilgan. Annotatsiya ingliz tilida berilgan.

Kalit so‘zlar

• yer ostida tanlab eritish
• filtratsiya koeffitsiyenti
• g‘ovaklik
• anizotropiya
• kolmatatsiya
• sulfanol
• poliakrilamid

Sodda qilib aytganda

O‘zbekistonda 22 dan ortiq uran koni yer ostida tanlab eritish usulida qazib olinadi; eng muhimlari — Janubiy va Shimoliy Bukinay, Uchquduq, Ketmenchi, Sabirsoy, Sugrali va 102-yer ostida tanlab eritish uchastkasi. Kon qazib olingan sari quduqlar debiti kamayadi, buning asosiy sababi — filtrlar va ularning atrofidagi jinslarning kolmatatsiyasi. Quduq devoridagi burg‘ulash eritmasidan hosil bo‘lgan gil po‘stloq o‘tkazuvchanligi jinsnikidan 4–5 tartibga past; qazib olish boshida kimyoviy va gaz kolmatatsiyasi rivojlanadi; temir gidroksidi filtrlarni qoplaydi, ayniqsa bosimsiz suvli qatlamlarda quduqdagi sath filtrning ustki qismidan pastga tushganda. Haydalayotgan eritmalardagi muallaq moddalar keltirib chiqaradigan kolmatatsiya qazib olishning boshidan oxirigacha davom etadi, vaqt o‘tishi bilan kuchayadi va qaytmasdir.

Ketmenchi konining kam o‘tkazuvchan uchastkasida ruda gorizontidan uzunligi 40 sm va diametri 90 mm bo‘lgan 14 ta kern namunasi olinib, NKMK Markaziy ilmiy-tadqiqot laboratoriyasi va universitetda o‘rganilgan. Ularning namligi 14–20%, hajmiy massasi 1,18–2,57 g/sm³ bo‘lib, namlik bilan ortadi. 3-son quduqda 147–156 m oralig‘ida ruda qatlamidagi uran 3,5–6,5 shartli birlik, karbonat minerallari 0,23–2,20%; uch valentli temir 0,025–0,19 g/l, Eh 400–480 mV. Rudaning kislota sig‘imi o‘rtacha tonnasiga 37 kg sulfat kislota (20–66 kg/t), kerndagi alyuminiy 4,8–7,3%. Filtrlar va quduq atrofidagi jinslar kolmatatsiyasi To‘xumbet konidagi tajriba blokida o‘rganilgan.

Sinalgan sirt-faol moddalardan eng yaxshi natijani sulfanol bergan — filtratsiya koeffitsiyentini 0,5 dan 2,0 m/sutkagacha oshirgan; OP-10 uni 1,5 m/sutkagacha, poliakrilamid 1,0 m/sutkagacha, MDLF-1 0,8 m/sutkagacha va MDLF-2 0,6 m/sutkagacha oshirgan. MDLF-1 uzoq qo‘llanganda keyingi bosqichlarda qatlamning mexanik kolmatatsiyasiga sabab bo‘lgan. Konlarda qo‘llanganda usullar qatlam kolmatatsiyasini 25–30% ga kamaytirgan. Mualliflar reagentlarni sanoat uchastkalarida qo‘llashdan oldin tajriba sinovlarini o‘tkazishni zarur deb hisoblaydi.

Iqtibos namunasi

S. Alikulov, J. Toshov, R. Mussin, M. Rabatuly, B. Tolovkhan, Z. Bogzhanova and A. Gabitova (2025). Study of rational solution parameters during in-situ uranium leaching. Mining of Mineral Deposits, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 37–46. https://doi.org/10.33271/mining19.01.037