Konferensiya maqolasiOchiq kirish
Uranni yer ostida tanlab eritish eritmalarida kremnezyom va organik moddalar mavjudligi va ularning ta’siri
Presence and impact of silica and organics in uranium in-situ leaching solutions
- Navoi Mining and Metallurgical Company, Navoi, Uzbekistan
- Navoi State University of Mining and Technologies, Navoi, Uzbekistan
https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202562701011
Asosiy jihatlar
- Ko‘pchilik rollsimon konlarning yer osti suvlaridagi ortokremniy kislota: 13–30 mg/l.
- 25 °C da kremnezyom eruvchanligi: kvars ustida taxminan 6 mg/l, kvars shishasi ustida 70 mg/l, gidratlangan amorf kremnezyom ustida 100–130 mg/l.
- Loyliken mahsuldor eritmasi: kremnezyomga 1,64 baravar o‘ta to‘yingan.
- Rollsimon konlarda organik moddalar bilan bog‘langan uran ulushi: 19% (Beshkok) dan 48% gacha (Loyliken), o‘rtacha qariyb uchdan bir.
- Ion almashinuvchi smoladagi kremnezyom: 10% uran bo‘yicha sig‘imni 10% ga, 19,6% esa 32% ga kamaytiradi.
- Yer ostida tanlab eritishda eng maqbul filtratsiya tezligi: 1–10 m/sutka; sanoat ahamiyatiga ega uran uchun organik uglerodning eng kam miqdori: 0,05%.
Annotatsiya
All uranium deposits of Uzbekistan mined by in-situ leaching (ISL) method belong to the so-called sandstone type and are formed on the redox barrier, with the Loyliken deposit, belonging to the so-called basal type, formed on the gley barrier, and all the rest, belonging to the roll type - on the complex gley-sulfur-hydrogen barrier. In all cases, the initial reducing agent is carbonized plant detritus (CPD), which is charred plant flakes scattered in sandstone, usually not exceeding 1 mm in cross-section - with the difference that at the gley barrier it is the direct uranium reducing agent, and at the gley-sulfur barrier a significant part of uranium is reduced by hydrogen sulfide, which is a product of biochemical reduction of sulfate ions contained in formation water by the same CPD (the so-called sulfate-reduction reaction). Among other conditions necessary for the formation of conditioned uranium mineralization, it is required that the CPD content in the formation is not less than 0.05% per organic carbon (Сorg). At the same time, uranium concentration in almost all sandstone deposits of Uzbekistan is comparable to Сorg concentration.
Maqoladagi inglizcha annotatsiya. Mualliflar annotatsiyasi CC BY 4.0 litsenziyasi asosida keltirilgan. Annotatsiya ingliz tilida berilgan.
Sodda qilib aytganda
O‘zbekistonning yer ostida tanlab eritish usulida qazib olinadigan barcha uran konlari qumtosh turiga mansub va oksidlanish-qaytarilish to‘sig‘ida hosil bo‘lgan. Loyliken koni bazal turga kiradi va gley to‘sig‘ida, qolganlarining barchasi rollsimon turga kiradi va murakkab gley–vodorod sulfid to‘sig‘ida hosil bo‘lgan. Har ikki holatda ham dastlabki qaytaruvchi — ko‘mirlashgan o‘simlik detriti, odatda ko‘ndalangiga 1 mm dan oshmaydigan kuygan o‘simlik parchalari; 1000 m gacha chuqurlikda uning tarkibi qo‘ng‘ir (subbitumli) ko‘mirga to‘g‘ri keladi. Gley–sulfid to‘sig‘ida uranning katta qismini xuddi shu detrit qatlam suvlaridagi sulfatlarni biokimyoviy qaytarganda hosil bo‘ladigan vodorod sulfid qaytaradi. Sanoat ahamiyatiga ega uran uchun qatlamda kamida 0,05% organik uglerod bo‘lishi kerak, rollsimon konlarda ham uranning qariyb uchdan bir qismi — Beshkokda 19% dan Loylikenda 48% gacha — minerallarda emas, organik moddalar bilan bog‘langan holda bo‘ladi.
Tabiiy suvlardagi kremnezyom miqdori odatda uning kvars ustidagi eruvchanligi — taxminan 6 mg/l bilan qisman gidratlangan amorf kremnezyom ustidagi eruvchanligi — 25 °C da 100–130 mg/l oralig‘ida bo‘ladi. O‘zbekistonning ko‘pchilik rollsimon konlarida yer osti suvlaridagi ortokremniy kislota 13–30 mg/l. Loyliken mahsuldor eritmasi kremnezyomga atigi 1,64 baravar o‘ta to‘yingan, shuning uchun undagi kremnezyom orto- va dikremniy kislota shaklida bo‘ladi: 60 baravar o‘ta to‘yingan eritma 2–3 soatdan keyin polimerlana boshlaydi, uch baravar o‘ta to‘yingani esa faqat bir oydan so‘ng. Eritish jarayonida sulfat kislota rudadagi silikatlarni eritadi; eritmalarda kremnezyom kam bo‘lishiga sabab — rudada gel hosil qilib eriydigan minerallar kam.
Kremnezyom koffinitning erishini sekinlashtiradi (nasturanga ta’sir qilmaydi) va eng ko‘p zararni ion almashinuvchi smolalarga yetkazadi: smoladagi 10% kremnezyom uning uran bo‘yicha sig‘imini 10% ga, 19,6% esa 32% ga kamaytiradi. Eritmalardagi organik moddalar — gumin, fulvo- va sulfogumin kislotalari hamda ularning tuzlari aralashmasi bo‘lib, ular eritishda qo‘llanadigan 1,5–3,0 pH da eriydi. Universitetning NKMK buyurtmasi bilan o‘tkazgan tadqiqotlari fulvokislotalar va lignosulfonatlar uran oksidlanishini katalizlab va gilli qatlamchalar orqali filtratsiya tezligini oshirib, tanlab eritishni tezlashtirishini ko‘rsatgan; yer ostida tanlab eritishda eng maqbul filtratsiya tezligi 1–10 m/sutka.
Iqtibos namunasi
U. Sharafutdinov, I. Karimov, I. Rajabboev, S. Yuldashev, M. Khamidova and D. Khurramova (2025). Presence and impact of silica and organics in uranium in-situ leaching solutions. E3S Web of Conferences, vol. 627, 01011. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202562701011