Jurnal maqolasiOchiq kirish
Jeti-O‘g‘iz mineral suvlarining kelib chiqishi va gidrogeokimyoviy evolyutsiyasi (Issiqko‘l havzasi, Tyan-Shan)
Origin and Hydrogeochemical Evolution of Jety-Oguz Mineral Waters (Issyk-Kul Basin, Tien Shan)
- Faculty of Geology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Heat and Mass Transfer Laboratory, Geological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Branch of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
- Laboratory of Hypergene Processes Geochemistry, Far East Geological Institute, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
https://doi.org/10.3390/w18010075
Asosiy jihatlar
- Kurort qudug‘i MW-01: 32,0 °C, erigan moddalar 12,8 g/l, pH 7,7; Cl 7 517 mg/l, Na 2 605 mg/l, Ca 2 005 mg/l; Na–Ca–Cl suv.
- MW-01 mikroelementlari: Sr 43,4 mg/l, Si 23,7 mg/l, B 11,3 mg/l, Li 5,5 mg/l, Br 1,6 mg/l; Cl/Br 4 584.
- MW-01 kollektor harorati: kvars bo‘yicha 102,4 °C, Na–K 80,2 °C, K–Mg 67,0 °C, Mg–Li 80,3 °C, Na–K–Ca 160,2 °C; umumiy baho taxminan 105 °C.
- 32 °C/km gradientda aylanish chuqurligi: taxminan 3,0 km (MW-01), 2,0 km gacha (MW-04 buloq), 0,8 km gacha (allyuviydagi MW-02 va MW-03 quduqlari).
- Mineral suvlar: δ¹⁸O −13,4 dan −10,8‰ gacha, δ²H −91,5 dan −77,8‰ gacha; erigan gaz 97–100% azot.
- MW-04 buloq (17,9 °C, 1,8 g/l): chuqur flyuid ulushi 8,5% (xlorid bo‘yicha) dan 10,6% gacha (erigan moddalar bo‘yicha).
Annotatsiya
This article presents a comprehensive study of the nitrogen-radon thermal mineral waters of the Jety-Oguz area, located in the southeastern part of the Issyk-Kul intermountain artesian basin (Northern Tien Shan). Based on new data from chemical and isotopic (δ18O, δD) analyses of natural waters (lake, river, and mineral) and the chemical composition of the water-bearing rocks, we identify the formation mechanisms of mineral waters with diverse composition, total dissolved solids (TDS), and temperature. Three main genetic types have been identified: (1) saline, high-TDS (up to 12.8 g/L) chloride sodium-calcium thermal waters (up to 32 °C). These waters are of meteoric origin and circulate within Middle Carboniferous carbonate rocks, acquiring their unique composition at depths of up to 3.0 km, where reservoir temperatures reach ~105 °C; (2) chloride-sulfate sodium-calcium waters (0.5 g/L, fresh, 22 °C), formed in alluvial deposits within the zone of active water exchange; and (3) low-TDS (1.8 g/L, brackish) waters of mixed composition, resulting from the mixing of a deep fluid with infiltrating meteoric waters. Isotopic data confirm a meteoric origin for all studied waters, including the high-TDS thermal types. The chemical composition diversity is attributed to several processes: mixing between the deep, high-TDS fluid and low-TDS infiltration waters, intense dissolution of evaporite rocks, and water–rock interaction. These findings are crucial for understanding the genesis of mineral waters in the Tien Shan intermountain basins and provide a scientific basis for their sustainable balneological exploitation.
Ingliz tilidagi annotatsiya maqoladan olingan. Mualliflar annotatsiyasi CC BY 4.0 litsenziyasi asosida keltirilgan. Annotatsiya ingliz tilida berilgan.
Kalit so‘zlar
- termal mineral suvlar
- kimyoviy tarkib
- barqaror izotoplar (δ18O; δD)
- tog‘lararo artezian havzalari
- Jeti-O‘g‘iz
- Issiqko‘l
- Shimoliy Tyan-Shan
Sodda qilib aytganda
M.V. Lomonosov nomidagi Moskva davlat universiteti geologiya fakultetidan Yekaterina I. Baranovskaya va Natalya A. Xaritonova, Rossiya Fanlar akademiyasi Geologiya institutidan Georgiy A. Chelnokov, Moskva davlat universitetining Dushanbe filialidan Farid S. Salixov hamda Uzoq Sharq geologiya institutidan Irina A. Tarasenko Qirg‘izistondagi Issiqko‘l tog‘lararo artezian havzasining janubi-sharqidagi Jeti-O‘g‘iz azotli-radonli termal mineral suvlarini o‘rganadi. Hudud taxminan 2 050 m balandlikda, Issiqko‘ldan 25–30 km janubda va Qorako‘ldan ham shuncha masofada joylashgan. Havza burmalangan quyi paleozoy poydevori ustidagi qalinligi 5,0 km gacha bo‘lgan mezozoy–kaynozoy kontinental cho‘kindilari bilan to‘lgan. Suvlar Jeti-O‘g‘iz daryosining o‘ng sohilida Jeti-O‘g‘iz braxiantiklinalining shimoliy qanotidagi yoriqli o‘rta toshko‘mir ohaktoshlaridan chiqadi; burmaning yadrosi proterozoy slanetslari va granitlaridan tuzilgan. Sanatoriy bu suvlardan vannalar va ichimlik davolash uchun foydalanadi.
2023–2024-yillarda mualliflar to‘rtta mineral suv (kurort qudug‘i, allyuviydagi ikkita quduq va bitta buloq), uchta ko‘l, to‘rtta daryo va bitta yomg‘ir namunasini olib, ulardagi asosiy ionlar, mikroelementlar, δ¹⁸O va δ²H ni hamda beshta tog‘ jinsi namunasini tahlil qildi. Kurort qudug‘i (MW-01) 32,0 °C haroratli, 12,8 g/l erigan moddali natriy-kalsiyli xloridli suv beradi: unda 43,4 mg/l stronsiy, 23,7 mg/l kremniy, 11,3 mg/l bor, 5,5 mg/l litiy va 1,6 mg/l brom bor, Cl/Br nisbati 4 584. Allyuviydagi ikkita quduq 22,0 °C haroratli chuchuk xloridli-sulfatli natriy-kalsiyli suv (0,5 g/l), buloq esa 17,9 °C haroratli sho‘rtob suv (1,8 g/l) beradi. Erigan gaz 97–100% azotdan iborat. Mineral suvlarda δ¹⁸O −13,4 dan −10,8‰ gacha, δ²H −91,5 dan −77,8‰ gacha bo‘lib, ular global meteor suv chizig‘ida yoki unga yaqin joylashadi — demak, barchasi meteor kelib chiqishga ega; kamroq minerallashgan uchta suv asosan baland tog‘dagi qor erishidan to‘yinadi.
Kurort suvi uchun kvars geotermometri kollektor haroratini 102,4 °C deb beradi (Na–K 80,2 °C, K–Mg 67,0 °C, Mg–Li 80,3 °C, Na–K–Ca 160,2 °C). Giggenbax diagrammasida bu suv to‘liq muvozanat zonasiga yaqin turadi, mualliflar uning shakllanish haroratini taxminan 105 °C deb baholaydi. O‘rtacha yillik havo harorati 6 °C, geotermik gradient 32 °C/km va neytral qatlam 22 m chuqurlikda deb olinganda, bu suv taxminan 3,0 km chuqurlikkacha aylanishini bildiradi; buloq suvi 2,0 km gacha, allyuviy suvlari esa 0,8 km gacha chuqurlikda aylanadi. Xlorid va erigan moddalar bo‘yicha aralashish hisoblari buloq suvida chuqur flyuid ulushini 8,5–10,6% deb beradi. Chuqur suv galit, gips, angidrit va selestinga to‘yinmagan, mualliflar buni evaporitlarning erishi davom etayotgani bilan izohlaydi. Undagi stronsiy foraminiferali ohaktoshdan, litiy va bor esa biotit va turmalinli poydevor jinslaridan keladi.
Mualliflar suvlarning uch turini ajratadi: balneologik qimmatga ega chuqur termal suv (kurort qudug‘i), ichimlik davolash uchun istiqbolli aralash suv (buloq) va maishiy hamda qishloq xo‘jaligi ta’minotiga yaroqli sayoz chuchuk yer osti suvi. Jeti-O‘g‘iz buloqlari Dyushembiyeva va Baktiyar qizi (2026) tavsiflagan Shimoliy Qirg‘iziston mineral suvlari qatorida ham bor.
Rasmlar (2)
Iqtibos namunasi
Ekaterina I. Baranovskaya, Natalia A. Kharitonova, George A. Chelnokov, Farid S. Salikhov and Irina A. Tarasenko (2025). Origin and Hydrogeochemical Evolution of Jety-Oguz Mineral Waters (Issyk-Kul Basin, Tien Shan). Water, vol. 18, no. 1, 75. https://doi.org/10.3390/w18010075