Yer osti harorat anomaliyalari yashirin geotermal tizimlarni ochib beradi: Qozog‘iston, Janubiy Turg‘ay havzasi, Ariskum botig‘i misolida

Annotatsiya

The petroliferous Aryskum Depression, located within the South Torgai Basin, Kazakhstan, comprises several grabens up to 6 km deep, separated by horsts with more than 4 km of structural relief. Spatial analysis of reported reservoir and measured bottomhole temperatures from oil and gas wells revealed elevated geothermal gradients, ranging from 29 to 45 °C/km. An underlying active mantle plume is the main source of this anomalous heat flux. Higher gradients (>35 °C/km) are likely related to additional factors, including radiogenic heat production from granites in the basement, high thermal conductivity of the crust (including intrusive bodies), and convective heat transfer by hydrothermal fluids circulating through open faults within the highly fractured basement and sedimentary basin-fill. The overlay of basement lithotypes, faults, and reservoir-quality sands allowed for robust delineation of isotherms and prediction of geothermal reservoirs. Favorable conditions exist across the basin for both direct electricity generation with temperatures of ∼150 °C at depths of ∼4.3 km, and direct heat utilization from shallower aquifers. The study demonstrates how integration of data from various sources, in a structural and sedimentological framework, can advance exploration for blind geothermal systems in analogous basins worldwide.

Inglizcha annotatsiya nashriyot saytidagi maqola yozuvidan olingan. Mualliflar annotatsiyasi CC BY 4.0 litsenziyasi asosida keltirilgan. Annotatsiya ingliz tilida berilgan.

Kalit so‘zlar

• geotermik gradient
• yashirin geotermal tizimlar
• quduq tubi harorati
• cho‘kindi havza
• Qozog‘iston

Sodda qilib aytganda

Ariskum botig‘i — Qozog‘istondagi Janubiy Turg‘ay havzasining neftli qismi. U chuqurligi 6 km gacha bo‘lgan bir necha grabendan iborat bo‘lib, ularni struktura relyefi 4 km dan ortiq bo‘lgan gorstlar ajratib turadi. Mualliflar neft va gaz quduqlarining qatlam haroratlari va o‘lchangan quduq tubi haroratlarini tahlil qilib, 29–45 °C/km li yuqori geotermik gradientlarni aniqladi.

Mualliflar fikricha, yuqori issiqlik oqimining asosiy manbai — havza ostidagi faol mantiya plyumi. 35 °C/km dan yuqori gradientlar esa fundamentdagi granitlarning radiogen issiqligi, po‘stning, jumladan intruziv jismlarning yuqori issiqlik o‘tkazuvchanligi hamda yoriqli fundament va cho‘kindi qoplamadagi ochiq yoriqlar bo‘ylab harakatlanuvchi gidrotermal flyuidlarning konvektiv issiqlik ko‘chirishi bilan ham bog‘liq.

Fundament jinslari turlari, yoriqlar va kollektorlik xossalari yaxshi qumlarni ustma-ust qo‘yib, mualliflar izotermalarni chizdi va geotermal kollektorlar joylashuvini bashorat qildi. Ularning xulosasiga ko‘ra, butun havzada ham elektr energiyasi ishlab chiqarish — taxminan 4,3 km chuqurlikda taxminan 150 °C, ham sayozroq suvli qatlamlar issiqligidan bevosita foydalanish uchun qulay sharoit bor.

Iqtibos namunasi

Milovan Fustic, Ashirgul Kozhagulova, Kamal Regmi, Dias Kadirbek, Assel Zhalgasbayeva, Mahmoud Leila, Galymzhan Yensepbayev, Yerlibek Bolat, Aidos Temirkhassov and Stephen E. Grasby (2026). Subsurface temperature anomalies reveal blind geothermal systems: A case study from the Aryskum Depression, South Torgai Basin, Kazakhstan. Energy Reports, vol. 16, 109636 (December 2026). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2026.109636