Geothermal.uzO‘zbekistonda geotermal energiya

Bosh sahifa / Tadqiqotlar

Jurnal maqolasi (sharh)Ochiq kirish

Issiqlik nasoslari — kam uglerodli kelajakning asosiy harakatlantiruvchi kuchi. 1-qism. Tarixiy evolyutsiyasi va O‘zbekistonda rivojlanish istiqbollari

Heat Pumps as a Key Driver of a Low-Carbon Future. Part 1. Historical Evolution and Development Prospects in Uzbekistan

Nilufar Avezova, G‘ulomjon Uzoqov, Akmal Kuchkarov, Bekzod Abdukarimov, Abdumalik Xalikov, Elvira Oshepkova, Malika Shermatova, Erkin Kholmatov, Asror Ergashev

PDFni ko‘rish1,1 MB Iqtibos

https://doi.org/10.67846/jcet.2026.42113

Asosiy jihatlar

  • Ko‘rib chiqilgan davrda issiqlik nasoslarining o‘zgartirish koeffitsiyenti (COP) ikki baravardan ziyod oshgan.
  • Sirdaryo viloyati Boyovut tumanidagi 19-son maktab umumiy quvvati 340 kVt bo‘lgan uchta issiqlik nasosi bilan isitiladi.
  • Toshkent viloyati Nurafshon shahridagi energiya iste’moli nolga yaqin («Near Zero Energy») namoyish uyida isitish va sovutish issiqlik nasosi yordamida amalga oshiriladi, tomida esa 16 kVt quvvatli quyosh elektr stansiyasi va quyosh kollektorlari o‘rnatilgan.
  • O‘zbekiston uchun taklif etilgan yo‘llar: issiqlik nasosi va gaz qozonidan iborat gibrid tizimlar, quyosh energiyasidan foydalanadigan issiqlik nasoslari, geotermal qurilmalar va past potensialli issiqlikni utilizatsiya qilish.

Annotatsiya

This paper presents a scientific and analytical review of the evolution of heat pump (HP) technology as a key solution for energy-efficient, low-carbon heat supply. The prerequisites and main stages of heat pump development are examined, along with the drivers of their current rapid deployment, including decarbonization, electrification of heating, and market growth. A generalized periodization of research and practical implementation (pre-1990s; 1990–2010; 2010–2024) is applied, reflecting changes in scientific priorities and deployment scales. Heat pumps are classified according to their operating principle and the type of low-temperature heat source (air, ground, water, etc.), and the main application areas are systematized: residential and public buildings, industry and energy systems, and agriculture. Key scientific and technological achievements are summarized, including more than a twofold increase in the coefficient of performance (COP), advances in compressor and heat-exchanger technologies, the transition to natural and low-GWP refrigerants, and progress in automation and exergoeconomic analysis. Particular attention is paid to Uzbekistan, where barriers to large-scale HP deployment are analyzed and promising development pathways are proposed, such as hybrid “HP + gas boiler” systems, solar-assisted heat pump complexes, geothermal installations, and low-grade heat recovery projects. The generalizations obtained in this study can be used as a scientific and analytical basis for the strategic planning of the development of heat pump technologies in Uzbekistan.

Mualliflar annotatsiyasi CC BY 4.0 litsenziyasi asosida keltirilgan. Annotatsiya ingliz tilida berilgan.

Kalit so‘zlar

  • issiqlik nasosi
  • issiqlik ta’minotini dekarbonizatsiya qilish
  • COP
  • geotermal issiqlik nasoslari
  • gibrid isitish tizimlari
  • quyosh energiyasidan foydalanadigan issiqlik nasoslari
  • O‘zbekiston

Sodda qilib aytganda

Sharhda issiqlik nasoslarining 1990-yillargacha bo‘lgan davrdan 2024-yilgacha bo‘lgan rivojlanishi uch davrga bo‘lib yoritiladi. Issiqlik nasoslari ishlash prinsipi, issiqlik manbai (havo, grunt, suv va boshqalar) hamda qo‘llanish sohasi bo‘yicha tasniflanadi: turar joy va jamoat binolari, sanoat va energetika tizimlari, qishloq xo‘jaligi.

Mualliflar O‘zbekistonda issiqlik nasoslarini keng miqyosda joriy etishga to‘sqinlik qilayotgan omillarni ko‘rib chiqadi va rivojlanish yo‘llarini, jumladan, geotermal qurilmalarni taklif etadi. Mamlakatdagi so‘nggi misollar, masalan, Sirdaryo viloyatidagi issiqlik nasoslari bilan isitiladigan maktab ham tasvirlangan.

Rasmlar (3)

Ikki qavatli maktab binosining old tomoni va plitka yotqizilgan maydon
6b-rasm. 19-son maktab («Iftixor» mahallasi, Boyovut, Sirdaryo viloyati): issiqlik nasoslari bilan isitish, 3 ta issiqlik nasosi, umumiy quvvati 340 kVt. Manba: Nilufar Avezova et al. (2026), CC BY 4.0.
Tomiga quyosh panellari o‘rnatilgan ikki qavatli uy
6a-rasm. Energiya iste’moli nolga yaqin («Near Zero Energy») namoyish uyi («Yoshlik» mahallasi, Nurafshon, Toshkent viloyati): tomida 16 kVt quvvatli quyosh elektr stansiyasi va quyosh kollektorlari; isitish va sovutish issiqlik nasosi yordamida. Manba: Nilufar Avezova et al. (2026), CC BY 4.0.
Dunyo bo‘yicha issiqlik nasoslari sotuvi indeksining chiziqli grafigi: indeks 2014-yildagi 100 dan 2022-yilda taxminan 220 gacha oshgan
2-rasm. Dunyoda issiqlik nasoslari sotuvining o‘sishi (indeks, 2014 = 100): 2014–2020-yillarda yiliga taxminan 10%, 2021-yilda +13%, 2022-yilda +11%. Manba: Nilufar Avezova et al. (2026), CC BY 4.0.

Iqtibos namunasi

Nilufar Avezova, G‘ulomjon Uzoqov, Akmal Kuchkarov, Bekzod Abdukarimov, Abdumalik Xalikov, Elvira Oshepkova, Malika Shermatova, Erkin Kholmatov and Asror Ergashev (2026). Heat Pumps as a Key Driver of a Low-Carbon Future. Part 1. Historical Evolution and Development Prospects in Uzbekistan. Journal of Construction and Engineering Technology, 4(2), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.67846/jcet.2026.42113