Book
Hydrogeology of the USSR. Volume XXXIX: Uzbek SSR
Гидрогеология СССР. Том XXXIX. Узбекская ССР
Highlights
- Tashkent artesian basin: Upper Cretaceous thermal water, first reached in 1948, at 34–45 °C in peripheral wells and 65–70 °C in the centre; self-flowing water of 55 °C at 20–40 L/s from Palaeozoic limestones; geothermal gradient 3–4.3 °C per 100 m.
- Central Kyzylkum group: thermal water of 32–40 °C at 100–300 m, with yields of up to 40 L/s; 37.5 °C at 268 m in Cretaceous beds of the Mynbulak basin, where the gradient reaches 12–40 °C per 100 m against a normal 3.55 °C.
- Fergana basin: water from the Massaget beds at 72 °C at outflow, from 450–1,000 m near Chartak (Namangan); gradient 2.05–3.2 °C per 100 m.
- Syrdarya basin: Upper Cretaceous water at 30–45 °C at the wellhead; the gradient rises to 7–8 °C per 100 m in places (Tumarastau area).
- Zarafshan basin: 45 °C from the Kattakurgan well (600 m); estimated 22–103 °C on top of the Paleogene–Upper Cretaceous complex; gradient 3.3 °C per 100 m.
- Surkhandarya basin: Upper Cretaceous water at 37–45 °C at outflow in the centre; estimated 100–180 °C in Jurassic rocks at 2,000–5,000 m; gradient 2.7 °C per 100 m.
- Amu Darya basin: Cenomanian–Albian water at 55 °C (8.5 L/s) at Karabaur and 46 °C at Khodzhikuduk; Ustyurt group: Upper Cretaceous formation water of 50–75 °C in the deepest part (Barsakelmes depression).
Summary
Volume 39 of the Soviet series Hydrogeology of the USSR covers the Uzbek SSR. It was published by Nedra in Moscow in 1971, edited by G. A. Mavlyanov with V. A. Geinz, Kh. T. Tulyaganov and N. N. Khodzhibaev as deputy editors. It brings together hydrogeological and engineering-geological knowledge of Uzbekistan as of 1 January 1968, in four parts: the natural setting and geology; the groundwater of each hydrogeological region and artesian basin; groundwater resources, use, protection and irrigated land; and engineering geology. It has 472 pages, 24 tables, 91 illustrations, 263 references and six map appendices.
Chapter 12 covers mineral and thermal waters. Thermal waters are widespread in Uzbekistan, often self-flowing and found in sedimentary rocks of many ages, and all of them are also mineral waters. For each artesian basin the chapter gives measured outflow temperatures and temperatures extrapolated from the geothermal gradient. It concludes that the most promising areas, where using thermal water is economical and technically feasible, are the Tashkent, Fergana and Syrdarya artesian basins and the Central Kyzylkum group, where self-flowing wells could give 20 L/s and more, with static heads of 15–100 m above the wellhead.
The highest temperatures are expected at depth: 150–160 °C in Paleogene water at 4,800–6,600 m and 150–170 °C in Cretaceous beds at 5,000–7,000 m in the centre of the Fergana basin, and 150–190 °C in Palaeozoic rocks at up to 5,000 m in the Beshkent trough of the Amu Darya basin. These deep values are estimates from extrapolated geothermal gradients, not measurements.
How to cite
G. A. Mavlyanov, V. A. Geinz, Kh. T. Tulyaganov and N. N. Khodzhibaev (1971). Hydrogeology of the USSR. Volume XXXIX: Uzbek SSR. Gidrogeologiya SSSR (Hydrogeology of the USSR), vol. 39; Nedra, Moscow, 472 pp.. https://koha.lib.tpu.ru/bib/47685