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Monitoring of underground mineral waters of Tashkent region, Republic of Uzbekistan
Мониторинг подземных минеральных вод Ташкентской области Республики Узбекистан
- Faculty of Geology and Engineering Geology, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Highlights
- Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) aquifer, Pretashkent artesian basin: depth 800–2,080 m; flowing wells with 18–20 atm excess pressure at the wellhead.
- Wellhead temperature 42–67 °C; average specific yield 0.7–1.2 L/s; mineralisation 0.5–0.9 g/L; pH 7.2–8.2.
- Silicic acid 0.03–0.04 g/L; metaboric acid 0.0063 g/L; dissolved gas: N₂ 72.8–89.6%, O₂ 12–18.6%, CO₂ 0.5–8.9%.
- Chinabad sanatorium, well 9 (7): 1,544 m; mineralisation 0.67 g/L; HCO₃ 46, Cl 27, SO₄ 26, Na+K 91 (%-eq.).
- Botanika sanatorium (Qibray district), well 10: 2,272 m; mineralisation 0.37 g/L; HCO₃ 12, SO₄ 53, Na+K 93 (%-eq.).
Keywords
- balneoclimatic resorts
- hydrogeology
- medicinal mineral waters
- groundwater monitoring
- underground mineral waters
- mineral resources
- Republic of Uzbekistan
- Tashkent region
Summary
M. A. Abdullaeva of the Faculty of Geology and Engineering Geology of the National University of Uzbekistan sums up what is known about how the chemistry of the mineral waters of the Pretashkent artesian basin forms. The work draws on field visits to mineral-water wells, laboratory analyses and earlier studies, and judges the waters against the Uzbek standard O‘zDSt 540:2010 for mineral drinking waters. Tashkent region has many balneological resorts, among them Zangiota, Nazarbek, Semurg, Chinabad, Tashminvody, Semashko and Botanika.
In the basin the mineral waters lie in the Cenomanian aquifer of the Upper Cretaceous, reached at 800–2,080 m. They are under pressure and flow at the surface, with 18–20 atmospheres of excess pressure and 42–67 °C at the wellhead. Average specific yields are 0.7–1.2 L/s and mineralisation is 0.5–0.9 g/L. The water is sodium bicarbonate water with somewhat raised chloride, sometimes sulphate, 0.03–0.04 g/L of silicic acid and 0.0063 g/L of metaboric acid. Its dissolved gas is 72.8–89.6% nitrogen, 12–18.6% oxygen and 0.5–8.9% carbon dioxide. The water is soft and alkaline, with pH 7.2–8.2. The main resources of the Cenomanian aquifer form in Kazakhstan and extend into two neighbouring states.
Heavy use of the Cenomanian aquifer since the 1960s has lowered pressures and changed the water’s composition in some wells, and the author warns that uncontrolled use could exhaust the resource. Samples from wells at the Chinabad and Mersian sanatoriums had hardness above the permitted limit. The Chinabad sanatorium has two wells, 2,305 m and 1,544 m deep. A table classes the water of two wells as bicarbonate–sulphate sodium–potassium water and gives their formulas: well 9 (7) at Chinabad, 1,544 m deep, and well 10 at the Botanika sanatorium in Qibray district, 2,272 m deep. Deep wells at both sanatoriums are also described in Aitmetova and Meylieva (2021).
The author concludes that the waters’ balneological properties and their forecast and exploitable reserves make them promising for balneology, bottling and other uses in the economy.
How to cite
M. A. Abdullaeva (2024). Monitoring of underground mineral waters of Tashkent region, Republic of Uzbekistan. Molodost'. Intellekt. Initsiativa (Youth. Intellect. Initiative): proceedings of the 12th International Scientific and Practical Conference of Students and Master's Students (Vitebsk, 26 April 2024), vol. 1, pp. 66–67, ISBN 978-985-30-0123-5. https://rep.vsu.by/handle/123456789/43207